咀嚼肌的应用解剖学研究——I.咬肌的动脉与神经

在30具(男23.女7)共60例成人尸体上观察与测量了咬肌的动脉与神经来源、咬肌神经的分支以及肌内构筑、咬肌由上颌动脉咬肌支和邻近动脉肌支供血,面动脉与面横动脉的咬肌支为其主要营养动脉.咬肌神经在肌内可分成单干和双干两型,前者居多,两型中其肌内分支间均有吻合.就结果对有关颌面外科应用问题进行了探讨.     

不同结合状态硫酸软骨素多糖链对体外二维三维培养背根节神经突起生长影响研究

目的构建鸡胚背根节细胞3D生长模型,观察CSPG对不同浓度的琼脂糖水溶胶培养基对鸡胚背根节神经突起生长的影响。方法①利用多肽缩合剂1’1羰基二咪唑介导CS-B长链与琼脂糖凝胶共价结合。②分别配制0.5%、0.75%、1%、1.25%、1.5%的SeaPrep琼脂糖凝胶溶液和共价结合了CS-B多糖长链的琼脂糖凝胶溶液。取孵育9~10天后鸡胚背根节加入上述凝胶溶液加培养液培养。③培养24小时之后在24 h、48 h7、2 h、96 h进行观察拍照。观察各时间点神经突起生长情况。结果①鸡胚背根节神经突起在1.25%的琼脂糖凝胶溶液中开始呈3D生长,在小于1%的琼脂糖溶液中只能2D生长。②在同一时间点,呈2D生长的背根节突起和呈3D生长的背根节突起在突起长度方面没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。③3D生长的DRG神经突起在共价结合了CS-B的琼脂糖凝胶中生长长度明显短于普通琼脂糖水凝胶(P<0.05),并且可观察到部分突起长出短而直的成束突起。但是对于呈2D生长的DRG突起长度在两种培养基中却未见差异(P>0.05)。结论鸡胚背根节神经元周围突起生长长度在3D培养中与在2D培养中有没有明显的差异。硫酸软骨素能够有效抑制呈3D生长的神经节突起生长,并且影响到神经突起的生长方式。但是在2D培养基中,未能看到上述的抑制作用。     

No association between VNTR polymorphisms of dopamine transporter gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Chinese children.

Dopamine transporter (DAT) gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previously a meta-analysis concluded no association between the variable-number-of-tandem-repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms of the DAT gene and ADHD. However, significant heterogeneity was present among studies and no conclusion can be drawn about the association in any single ethnicity given the small number of studies. There were also conflicting results in Chinese populations. We therefore perform the present study to investigate the association in Chinese children in Hong Kong. In this prospective family-based and case-control study during January to June 2004, we recruited consecutive Chinese children diagnosed with ADHD by DSM-IV criteria, their family members, and sex-matched controls admitted for acute upper respiratory infection, excluding those with perinatal brain insults, mental retardation, or neurological deficits. VNTR polymorphisms of the DAT gene were determined by standard PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Sixty-four ADHD cases (52 boys, 12 girls), their family members and 64 normal controls were recruited. The 10-repeat allele (92.6%) and the 10/10 repeat genotype (85.2%) were the most prevalent. Both family-based and case-control analyses showed no association between the DAT gene polymorphisms and ADHD (transmission dysequilibrium test: P = 0.99; odds ratio of 10-repeat allele = 0.89 (95%CI 0.35-2.28), P = 0.81; odds ratio of 10/10 repeat genotype = 0.69 (95%CI 0.26-1.84), P = 0.46). We concluded that VNTR polymorphism of the DAT gene is not associated with ADHD in Chinese children, and further studies are needed to clarify the polygenic and environmental influences for pathogenesis of ADHD.     

Objective stress monitoring based on wearable sensors in everyday settings

Abstract

Monitoring people’s stress levels has become an essential part of behavioural studies for physical and mental illnesses conducted within the biopsychosocial framework. There have been several stress assessment studies in laboratory-based controlled settings. However, the results of these studies do not always translate effectively to an everyday context. The current state of wearable sensor technology allows us to develop systems measuring the physiological signals reflecting stress 24/7 while capturing the context. In this paper, we present a stress monitoring system that provides objective daily stress measurements in everyday settings based on three physiological signals: electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), and galvanic skin response (GSR) using Shimmer3 ECG, Shimmer3 GSR+, and Empatica E4 wearable sensors. We perform controlled stress assessment experiments on 17 participants in which we successfully detect stress with a 94.55% accuracy for 10-fold cross-validation and an 85.71% accuracy for subject-wise cross-validation. In everyday settings, the system assesses stress with an 81.82% accuracy. We also examine whether motion artefacts affect stress assessment and filter the low-confidence readings to minimise false alarms.     

诱导成骨的组织学及超微结构

选用免32只,手术截除桡骨2cm。缺损区充填DGB,手术后2、3、6、9周分别杀死动物作光镜及电镜观察。结果在电镜下发现有三类细胞,即成骨系、破基质系细胞和血管内皮细胞,并见到非成骨性结缔组织的间充质细胞分化为前成骨细胞→成骨细胞→骨细胞以及其同时分化为血管内皮细胞的全部过程。表实验从组织学和细胞学二方面证实DGB确有诱导成骨的作用。     

Integration of human papillomavirus type 16 into cellular DNA of cervical carcinoma: preferential deletion of the E2 gene and invariable retention of the long control region and the E6/E7 open reading frames

The integration patterns of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 in the cellular DNA of six cervical carcinoma samples were analyzed by the Southern blot procedure. None of the HPV integrants retained the entire viral genome. Double HPV integration was found in one case while all other cases were single integrants. In some samples, internal deletion and selective amplification of the viral sequences were observed. On integration, the E2 open reading frame (ORF) was invariably lost but the E6/E7 ORFs and the long control region of the HPV-16 genome were retained in all seven integrations analyzed and may play a role in cellular transformation and/or maintenance of the transformed phenotype.     

多发性骨髓瘤患者血清IL-6活性与急性相蛋白浓度的相关性研究

运用敏感的B_9细胞增殖试验检测了81例多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者血清IL-6活性,同时分析了标本的几种急性相蛋白含量,结果表明,68％MM患者血清中IL-6活性大于5μ/ml(正常对照为5μ/ml以下),几种急性相蛋白中C-反应性蛋白(CRP)在MM时升高(P<0.01),平均达正常对照组的17倍以上,MM患者补体C_4与正常对照组无差异(p>0.05),C_3、白蛋白及转铁蛋白在MM时分别比正常下降24.42％、38.83％和32.80％,且与疾病分期有关,在血清IL-6大于5μ/ml的55例中,IL-6活性与CRP、C_3、白蛋白的相关系数分别为0.46,-0.34和-0.29,IL-6与转铁蛋白浓度相关不明显。本文结果提示:CRP、C_3及白蛋白等含量的变化可作为反映MM病情的简易而敏感的指标。     

小鼠IgE抗体生成的免疫调节——对半抗原-载体蛋白质IgE抗体应答的研究

众所周知,半抗原具有两个特性:(1)无免疫原性;(2)具有反应原性。当半抗原与载体蛋白质结合后便可获得免疫原性,而成为完全抗原。在Ⅰ型变态反应实验动物研究中广为应     

大鼠睾丸血管构筑的观察

本文通过血管灌注透明标本和微血管腐蚀铸型扫描电镜,观察大鼠睾丸的大血管和微细血管的构筑。大鼠生精小管的周围,有两种小血管配布。1.管间血管:该血管或为1条毛细血管前微动脉,或为2条并行的较大的毛细血管连结成网状,位于生精小管间三角形的间质柱内,并与小管平行走行。2.管周毛细血管:连于管间血管之间,呈绳梯状围绕生精小管,并在生精小管上皮下固有膜内,形成管周毛细血管网。本文还观察了大鼠睾丸较大血管及睾丸固有鞘膜脏层的血管配布特点,讨论了这些血管配布的意义。     

人C_1q分子对Raji、U_（937）细胞产生IL－1活性的抑制调节

为探讨Ｃ_１ｑ与免疫细胞产生的ＩＬ－１活性的关系，采用Ｒａｊｉ、Ｕ_（９３７）及对照ＭｏｌＴ_４三株培养细胞与Ｃ_１ｑ共同孵育２０ｈ后收集细胞上清，以３~Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法检测ＩＬ－１活性，结果显示Ｃ_１ｑ能明显抑制Ｒａｊｉ及Ｕ_（９３７）细胞ＩＬ－１活性，对ＭｏｌＴ_４细胞无此作用，Ｆ（ａｂ＇）_２ａｎｔｉＣ_１ｑ可阻断此抑制作用；初步探讨其作用机制，推测可能Ｃ_１ｑ通过Ｃ_１ｑ受体刺激该细胞产生ＩＬ－１ＩＮＨ而抑制ＩＬ－１活性。